Speaking Openly About PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder)
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
This condition is one most often associated with soldiers returning from war. It has been recognised as a mental health side effect of war since wars began, but only now does it have a label and a treatment plan. PTSD can affect others who have experienced a traumatic event too. This could be a serious, life threatening assault, being involved in a terrorist incident, kidnapping, sexual or physical abuse, a motor vehicle accident, natural disasters or the sudden and unexpected death of a loved one.
All such traumatic events overwhelm our nervous system with emotions we find hard to process. We are left feeling helpless and full of despair. It is quite normal to react to events such as these with behaviours such as anxiety, sleeplessness, feeling numb and disconnected from reality, feelings of anger and a fear of losing control. You may suffer nightmares, during which you revisit the trauma, as your mind desperately tries to make sense of what has happened. These responses are totally normal.
PTSD is different to this normal reaction, in that the symptoms do not fade over weeks or months. They actually get worse. The normal reaction to trauma becomes a way of thinking that cannot be changed, and will worsen if treatment is not sought early. In addition to the normal worries and stresses of life, such as managing your job demands, or wondering where to get debt help, matters can quickly escalate, leaving you feeling out of control.
Don’t Wait
If you think you are suffering from PTSD then don’t delay seeing your doctor and telling him of your symptoms. These can be some, or all of the following well recognised features of PTSD:
Re-experiencing the traumatic event – this can include flashbacks to the traumatic event, when you may feel like it is actually happening again, nightmares, feeling intense emotional distress when reminded of the traumatic events, including physical symptoms of rapid heart-beat, increased breathing, muscle tension, sweating etc.
Avoidance and Numbing – you may do all you can to avoid situations or places which remind you of the trauma; you may feel cut off from reality and stuck inside your head; you may have memory-loss surrounding the traumatic events; you may stop doing things that normally you enjoy; you may feel that you will never have a normal life again.
Increased anxiety – You may suffer insomnia (an inability to fall asleep, or stay asleep); you may find you are intensely irritable and experience sudden loss of temper with people or events; you may have great difficulty concentrating – unable to read for example; you might find you startle easily, jumping at the smallest sound; you may find you are what is called ‘hyper-vigilant’, which means your body feels it is on constant standby to deal with an emergency, and hyper aware of threat, even when there is no reason to feel threatened.
These are just some of the more widely known symptoms of PTSD, but there are many others, including a tendency towards substance abuse to cope with the anxiety and numbness; feelings of guilt or shame, suicidal thoughts, and depression. PTSD is a very serious condition indeed. If you think you have PTSD you should see your doctor as soon as possible. The sooner this condition is treated the better chance you have of cure.
Treatment
There are a range of treatments available for PTSD, and your doctor will probably send you to a specialist who deals with the condition. You may be offered Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy to help you re-experience the trauma, enabling your brain to process it more successfully and help you feel more in control of your memories. The memories have a powerful hold on you and you need to regain control of the emotions surrounding them. Through talking with your therapist you will be able to release the fear and guilt you may feel about what happened, and learn to deal with flashbacks and intrusive thoughts. Family therapy will help you reflect on the effect the PTSD has had on those around you. Families and loved ones are often bewildered by the symptoms of PTSD and feel powerless to help. This can lead to tensions and arguments. When the whole family, or those close to you, understand what is happening they will feel better able to help when you are suffering.
Medication may also be offered. Anti-depressant medication will help you deal with the symptoms of PTSD. It can be very effective in treating the symptoms of depression and anxiety, but medication alone will not treat the serious underlying condition, which needs specialist help. One type of specialist help available is called EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) This pioneering treatment combines cognitive behavioural therapy with eye movements or tapping rhythmically to stimulate different parts of the brain. It had had startlingly good results. It is thought to work by unfreezing the part of the brain that has become ‘paralysed’ during extreme stress, enabling it to process information again.
It is important that you discuss the full range of treatment options with your doctor. Make sure he understands that this is not just depression and anxiety. Treatments for PTSD are improving all the time, and the chances are you will be greatly helped if you seek help. Here are some useful sites to look at if you want to do more research into your condition:
Further Reading
National Institute for Mental Health:
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/index.shtml
US Army Medical Department – Army Behavioural Health:
http://www.behavioralhealth.army.mil/
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Filed under: Mental Health Disorders, Stress Management


